Most natural rocks are characterised by a significant anisotropy in a macroscope scale. Even if we identify the group of minerals with properties close to isotropy (i.e. no difference in physical properties of the material), there is still a difference between their tensile strength and the ultimate compressive strength. The value of compression is about 10 times higher. Knowing about these basic properties, dressed stone blocks had to be built in the constructions whose shapes generated compression states as dominating. Arches, just like walls and columns, belong to that type of constructions.
Column is another basic element typical of ancient buildings. The main thing here is to put a loading in the axis of the column. Greek columns, but also Roman ones, were neither massive nor too slender. Using modern terminology we could say that they were characterised by a significant slenderness.
Polish branches of Italian wholesale of natural stone Marmi Corradini hosted their customers during the open days which took place on the first days of spring, in Oswiecim on 20-21 March and in Legionowo on 27-28 March. Apart from a special offer on tiles and slabs, the customers could also find tables full of food. The cuisine was not Italian - the customer had a chance to taste a grilled neck, white sausages and a knuckle of pork, bigos (sauerkraut stew with meat) and zur (sour-rye soup).
The easiest way to build walls made of undressed boulders was to put them in such a way that they fit almost perfectly in the place of contact. Because perfect fit was very difficult to achieve, small spaces in the contact were filled with ground or crushed stone. Such walls were called cyclop walls. The most impressive monuments from that period can be found in Argolida, but the largest one is the citadel's wall in Mykenes. Undressed boulders were also used to build bridges. The oldest bridge in Europe is situated on the ancient way from Mykenes towards the present-day Epidauros in Kazarna.
Magnificent constructions made of natural stone used to be built as early as in the ancient times. Despite little knowledge in the field of mechanics, mathematics and engineering of the builders of those days neither the notion of slenderness nor the rules of the work of arch was known at that time the builders intuitively, or thanks to oral transmission of their masters, created constructions which can be admired till today.
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